Rosacea – Symptoms and Causes

ByJanis Updated

Overview

Rosacea is a skin condition that makes the face red and flushed. People with this condition may notice visible blood vessels and small bumps filled with pus.

Symptoms often come and go, with flare-ups lasting weeks or months before subsiding temporarily.

This condition is sometimes confused with other skin problems, like acne or dermatitis. While there’s no permanent cure for rosacea, several approaches can help manage it:

  • Medications prescribed by healthcare providers
  • Gentle skincare routines
  • Avoiding personal triggers that cause flare-ups

With proper management, many people successfully control their rosacea symptoms and reduce their appearance.

Signs and Symptoms

Rosacea causes several noticeable skin changes on the face. The symptoms can vary from person to person and may develop slowly over time.

People with rosacea often experience facial redness that comes and goes at first. This redness may eventually become permanent.

Depending on your skin tone, this redness might appear more pink or purple.

Small blood vessels on the nose and cheeks can become visible on the skin surface. These spider veins may be more difficult to see on darker skin tones.

Many people develop acne-like bumps that may contain pus. These bumps can sometimes appear on the chest and back as well.

The affected skin often feels hot and tender, creating an uncomfortable burning sensation in the area.

Eye symptoms are common with rosacea. These may include:

  • Dry eyes
  • Irritation
  • Swelling of eyes and eyelids

Eye problems might develop before, after, or at the same time as skin symptoms.

Some people, especially men, experience thickening of the skin on their noses. This makes the nose appear larger, a condition called rhinophyma.

When Medical Help Is Needed

See a healthcare provider if you have persistent redness, flushing, or bumps on your face. A dermatologist (skin specialist) can provide proper diagnosis and treatment options.

Causes

Rosacea’s exact cause remains unknown. Scientists think it may be linked to genetics, immune system responses, or environmental factors. It is not linked to poor hygiene and is not contagious.

Several factors can trigger flare-ups:

  • Environmental elements: Sun exposure, wind, extreme temperatures
  • Food and drinks: Hot beverages, spicy foods, alcoholic drinks
  • Emotional factors: Stress
  • Physical activity: Exercise
  • Medications: Blood vessel–dilating drugs, including certain blood pressure medications
  • Beauty products: Some cosmetics, skincare, and haircare items

These triggers vary from person to person. Identifying your personal triggers can help manage symptoms.

Risk Factors

Several factors increase your chances of getting rosacea:

  • Fair skin that sunburns easily
  • Age between 30 and 50 years
  • Smoking history
  • Family members with rosacea

Your genetics and lifestyle choices play important roles in whether you develop this skin condition. While anyone can get rosacea, these risk factors make it more likely.

Health Writer

Janis's areas of expertise include nutrition, exercise, stress management, and mental health. She is passionate about educating and empowering people to take control of their health and make positive changes that can last a lifetime. Janis believes that small, sustainable changes are the key to long-term success, and she works with her clients to develop personalized plans that fit their individual needs and lifestyles.